Source: EU Drug
Markets Report 2019
http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/system/files/publications/12078/20192630_TD0319332ENN_PDF.pdf
Ethno-nationalist and separatist terrorist groups are motivated by
nationalism, ethnicity and/or religion. Separatist groups seek to carve out
a state for themselves from a larger country or annex territory from one
country to that of another. Left- or right-wing ideological elements are not
uncommon in these types of groups. The Irish Republican Army (IRA), the
Basque Euskadi Ta Askatasuna (ETA) and the Kurdish PKK fall into this
category.
The PKK, a paramilitary group based in the Middle East —
primarily in south-eastern Turkey, northern Syria and northern
Iraq — has been reported to be involved in organised crime
(Europol, 2019f; Roth and Sever, 2007), with few examples of
its engagement in the drug trade in the EU (Basra, 2019)
Basra, R. (2019), A new high? Terrorists and drugs in
Europe, background paper for this report, EMCDDA, Lisbon.
Europol (2019f), European Union terrorism situation and
trend report (https://www.europol.europa.eu/tesat-report).
Roth, M. P. and Sever, M. (2007), ‘The Kurdish Workers Party
(PKK) as criminal syndicate: funding terrorism through
organized crime, a case study’, Studies in Conflict &
Terrorism 30(10), pp. 901-920.
No comments:
Post a Comment